Meissner Consulting

Radiation Safety, Safety Equipment and Permits
Requirements for permits vary by region, even within one country, but the radiation safety principles remain the same. Many of the design critera are based on international standards, EU directives, and recommendations by the IAEA, ICRU or NCRP. The design to such standards is the core business of Meissner Consulting.
As an expert for radiation safety, Meissner Consulting can help you to find the best answers for your needs, independent from an equipment supplier. Being involved in radiation therapy and industrial installation our approach to radiation safety has succeeded with the most stringent regulatory bodies.

shield design      personnel safety      training      emissions      release and radioactive transport      permits

Biological shield design
The radiation sources must be shielded sufficiently in order to guarantee that no radiation leaks to the outside. This can be done with various shielding material depending also on the type of radiation and its intensity. The most economical shielding material for high energy radiation is concrete. Space considerations may sometimes make it more interesting to use a sandwich of several shielding materials.
Meissner Consulting has designed many concrete and steel shields around the world. Emphasis has been placed on optimizing budget and schedule while maintaining the required functionality and radiation safety. All of the shield designs have held up to the requirements of the local radiation safety authority.

Personnel Safety
Access to the radiation areas is a key concern. It must be safe and simple. Only simplicity of the procedures really ensure that nobody will try to bypass them. Meissner Consulting prepares procedures, specifies the access safety system, studies the impact of emissions, and prepares the permit application. A system that controls access and shuts down the radiation source when unauthorized or emergency access takes place needs to be installed in every facility. The concept and requirements for such a system must be based on safety standards such as EN954-1 and should be agreed with the local authorities. The use of computerized safety systems becomes more an more popular due to their improved flexibility and maintainability over systems using safety relais. Personal preferences toward computers or „hard wired“ systems play an important role in the decision also.
Together with a automation partner we offer complete personnel access systems. We accompany you from the first concept, design and deliver the system, organize regulatory approval and train your personnel.

Training
Training plays a key role in personnel safety. The IAEA recommends recurrent training at least once a year and many regulating authorities have made this mandatory. Companies with ISO 9001/2 or ISO 13485 have special obligations to provide relevant training to personnel. Meissner Consulting provides customized radiation safety training in your facility.
Download our training brochure.

Emissions planning
When energies of accelerated electrons and other charged particels are high enough the potential effect on air, water and soil polution has to be evaluated. Strict limits on emissions need to be upheld and validated. Measurement equipment and procedures need to be defined, installed and validated to provide the regulatory bodies the required information.
Standard emission control equipment will be adapted to the respective facility together with a set of procedures to record and validate emission measurements. The adaptation and calibration is especially important to fulfill specific conditions of the respecive regulating authority.

Release and Transport of radioactive material
Typically release or transport of radioactive materials require a licence if the activity is above the free limits. Quality assurance procedures will be developed to validate the activity of released materials.
Gamma spectrometers can be the necessary validation tools when isotope specific activities need to measured. This is the case in many European countries, and especially in Germany.

Permits and Licences
Regulating authorities require licences or registrations from companies willing to operate ionizing radiation equipment or to handle radioactive materials. Requirements vary from country to country but are generally based on basic safety standards recommended by the IAEA which have been transformed into local code. In many countries the final authority is with the regional/state governement. Meissner Consulting will help you to set up conforming safety procedures and to negotiate with the respective regulatory agencies to speed up the permit approval and licencing process. For certain countries we offer turnkey permit approval packages.

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© Meissner Consulting 2003-2006      updated dec 13, 2006



	Radiation Safety, Safety Equipment and Permits Requirements for permits vary by region, even within one country, but the radiation safety principles remain the same. Many of the design critera are based on international standards, EU directives, and recommendations by the IAEA, ICRU or NCRP. The design to such standards is the core business of Meissner Consulting. As an expert for radiation safety, Meissner Consulting can help you to find the best answers for your needs, independent from an equipment supplier. Being involved in radiation therapy and industrial installation our approach to radiation safety has succeeded with the most stringent regulatory bodies. shield design personnel safety training emissions release and radioactive transport permits Biological shield design The radiation sources must be shielded sufficiently in order to guarantee that no radiation leaks to the outside. This can be done with various shielding material depending also on the type of radiation and its intensity. The most economical shielding material for high energy radiation is concrete. Space considerations may sometimes make it more interesting to use a sandwich of several shielding materials. Meissner Consulting has designed many concrete and steel shields around the world. Emphasis has been placed on optimizing budget and schedule while maintaining the required functionality and radiation safety. All of the shield designs have held up to the requirements of the local radiation safety authority. Personnel Safety Access to the radiation areas is a key concern. It must be safe and simple. Only simplicity of the procedures really ensure that nobody will try to bypass them. Meissner Consulting prepares procedures, specifies the access safety system, studies the impact of emissions, and prepares the permit application. A system that controls access and shuts down the radiation source when unauthorized or emergency access takes place needs to be installed in every facility. The concept and requirements for such a system must be based on safety standards such as EN954-1 and should be agreed with the local authorities. The use of computerized safety systems becomes more an more popular due to their improved flexibility and maintainability over systems using safety relais. Personal preferences toward computers or „hard wired“ systems play an important role in the decision also. Together with a automation partner we offer complete personnel access systems. We accompany you from the first concept, design and deliver the system, organize regulatory approval and train your personnel. Training Training plays a key role in personnel safety. The IAEA recommends recurrent training at least once a year and many regulating authorities have made this mandatory. Companies with ISO 9001/2 or ISO 13485 have special obligations to provide relevant training to personnel. Meissner Consulting provides customized radiation safety training in your facility. Download our training brochure. Emissions planning When energies of accelerated electrons and other charged particels are high enough the potential effect on air, water and soil polution has to be evaluated. Strict limits on emissions need to be upheld and validated. Measurement equipment and procedures need to be defined, installed and validated to provide the regulatory bodies the required information. Standard emission control equipment will be adapted to the respective facility together with a set of procedures to record and validate emission measurements. The adaptation and calibration is especially important to fulfill specific conditions of the respecive regulating authority. Release and Transport of radioactive material Typically release or transport of radioactive materials require a licence if the activity is above the free limits. Quality assurance procedures will be developed to validate the activity of released materials. Gamma spectrometers can be the necessary validation tools when isotope specific activities need to measured. This is the case in many European countries, and especially in Germany. Permits and Licences Regulating authorities require licences or registrations from companies willing to operate ionizing radiation equipment or to handle radioactive materials. Requirements vary from country to country but are generally based on basic safety standards recommended by the IAEA which have been transformed into local code. In many countries the final authority is with the regional/state governement. Meissner Consulting will help you to set up conforming safety procedures and to negotiate with the respective regulatory agencies to speed up the permit approval and licencing process. For certain countries we offer turnkey permit approval packages.
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